Does it make this noise when you use heat or just Vent.. because if it's under the dash thats where the blower motor is. Because it does not make any sense if it's only on A/C since the heater/vent/a/c functions all share the same blower and temp blend door.
The a/c compressor clutch the above post is referring to is under the hood. it's mounted on the front of the A/C compressor and what it does is allow the compressor clutch to freewheel when you are not suing the A/C I doubt this is your problem if you hear a whirring noise under the dash..
I think the most likely cause of this problem is something has gotten into the blower motor.. either a object of some sort or some sort of vermin.