Let me 'splain Lucy. Dieseling is caused by incorrect timing most often. If the points are worn or out of adjustment, they will be firing when they should not be. As the piston is trying to go up or down, there is a spark that should not be there forcing the piston the other direction and causing it to keep up an unatural cycle even after the key is off.
That being said, other causes as you pointed out are: idle too high, excessive carbon buildup, vaccuum leak at manifold or hose, valves sticking, overheating, wrong spark plug heat range,etc...
I'm assuming this is a stock engine and guessing the most likely cause from experience. Diesleing is very destructive to engines; it can break rods, cranks,etc...The absolute last thing I would advise a novice to do is to atrt turning screws on a carb. 9 times out of ten, that's not the problem anyway if the car has not been modded or wrenched on by a backyard mechanic.