our motors are actually pretty hard to kill, but if you want to rebuild it ...
assuming they aren't damaged, you can re-use your stock rods and crank; they can handle as much power as the block can handle.
you probably already know that a 306 is a 302 that is bored .030 over. most of the time, boring it is necessary anyway when you are getting the machine shop work done. forged 302 stuff doesn't cost any less than 306 stuff.
if you want boost, you should have forged pistons. if you really want to beat on it though, you should get a better block and then a forged crank and rods would be called for. the you might as well go stroker, because that is the difference between a 302 and a 331/347 (crank and rods). going stroker adds the cost of new rods and a crank, or about $750.