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AF readings without cats??

  • Thread starter Thread starter Jim Vaccaro
  • Start date Start date Oct 12, 2004

Jim Vaccaro

Founding Member
Jan 28, 2000
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Brooklyn
Oct 12, 2004
#1
  • Oct 12, 2004
  • #1
Do cars run richer without cats or is it just that a catted pipe shows leaner reading?????
 

DTMach1

New Member
Jun 14, 2004
240
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Virginia Beach, VA
Oct 12, 2004
#2
  • Oct 12, 2004
  • #2
If I had to guess...i'd say a tad richer
 
B

bdcardinal

tree hugger
Jun 10, 2003
3,612
16
69
santa barbara, CA
Oct 12, 2004
#3
  • Oct 12, 2004
  • #3
usually there are more HC readings on a sniffer test without cats. i think its mostly the same, engine wise, its just that the cats arent cleaning up the emissions.
 

twogts4us

15 Year Member
Apr 1, 2004
4,188
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79
Dunedin, FL
Oct 12, 2004
#4
  • Oct 12, 2004
  • #4
In theory, anything more free flowing than stock will cause a lean condition, not rich.
 

JohnnyLangton

Founding Member
Apr 30, 2002
418
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Texas
Oct 15, 2004
#5
  • Oct 15, 2004
  • #5
twogts4us said:
In theory, anything more free flowing than stock will cause a lean condition, not rich.
Click to expand...
Care to explain how air/fuel is altered when all of the airflow that enters the engine is drawn through the MAF(Mass Airflow Meter)?
JL
 

twogts4us

15 Year Member
Apr 1, 2004
4,188
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79
Dunedin, FL
Oct 15, 2004
#6
  • Oct 15, 2004
  • #6
JohnnyLangton said:
Care to explain how air/fuel is altered when all of the airflow that enters the engine is drawn through the MAF(Mass Airflow Meter)?
JL
Click to expand...
Sure Johnny - Less backpressure, which causes more air to be drawn into each cylinder. Though a set amount of air may flow through the MAF, whether or not it makes it into the cylinders is affected by the amount of backpressure through the exhaust system.
 

JohnnyLangton

Founding Member
Apr 30, 2002
418
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Oct 16, 2004
#7
  • Oct 16, 2004
  • #7
twogts4us said:
Sure Johnny - Less backpressure, which causes more air to be drawn into each cylinder. Though a set amount of air may flow through the MAF, whether or not it makes it into the cylinders is affected by the amount of backpressure through the exhaust system.
Click to expand...
So the engine is magically producing air?
JL
 

jstreet0204

Active Member
Jun 26, 2003
939
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36
Winston Salem, NC
Oct 16, 2004
#8
  • Oct 16, 2004
  • #8
JohnnyLangton said:
So the engine is magically producing air?
JL
Click to expand...
engines don't produce air they pump air. A free flowing exhaust will scavenge exhaust out of the ports more efficiently. Creating this 'extra room' in the exhaust port while the engine is running means that the otherwise unchanged engine will flow more air. Forutnately the EEC is capable of compensating for this and will add the needed fuel to keep the A/F in check.
 

JohnnyLangton

Founding Member
Apr 30, 2002
418
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Oct 16, 2004
#9
  • Oct 16, 2004
  • #9
jstreet0204 said:
engines don't produce air they pump air. A free flowing exhaust will scavenge exhaust out of the ports more efficiently. Creating this 'extra room' in the exhaust port while the engine is running means that the otherwise unchanged engine will flow more air. Forutnately the EEC is capable of compensating for this and will add the needed fuel to keep the A/F in check.
Click to expand...
Well,No ****...
The more free-flowing exhaust will scavenge a bit more air,and that air has to come from somewhere...the air inlet tube..and what's connected to that tube?
That's right,the MAF.
Therefore stating that headers,etc will make a car run leaner is simply BS,and is the typical answer of somebody that knows nothing about the engine management system on an EEC controlled Ford.
JL
 

jstreet0204

Active Member
Jun 26, 2003
939
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36
Winston Salem, NC
Oct 16, 2004
#10
  • Oct 16, 2004
  • #10
JohnnyLangton said:
Well,No ****...
The more free-flowing exhaust will scavenge a bit more air,and that air has to come from somewhere...the air inlet tube..and what's connected to that tube?
That's right,the MAF.
Therefore stating that headers,etc will make a car run leaner is simply BS,and is the typical answer of somebody that knows nothing about the engine management system on an EEC controlled Ford.
JL
Click to expand...

You asked I answered. No need to be an ass...
 

twogts4us

15 Year Member
Apr 1, 2004
4,188
12
79
Dunedin, FL
Oct 17, 2004
#11
  • Oct 17, 2004
  • #11
JohnnyLangton said:
So the engine is magically producing air?
Click to expand...
Where did you come up with this?

JohnnyLangton said:
Well,No ****...
The more free-flowing exhaust will scavenge a bit more air,and that air has to come from somewhere...the air inlet tube..and what's connected to that tube?
That's right,the MAF.
Therefore stating that headers,etc will make a car run leaner is simply BS,and is the typical answer of somebody that knows nothing about the engine management system on an EEC controlled Ford.
JL
Click to expand...
So are you are saying that regardless of the exhaust mods, every bit of air metered makes it to the cylinders, and the EEC will automatically compensate and adjust the A/F? Please share with us your wealth of knowledge on the EEC. Nonetheless, technical info and a healthy debate are welcome, but no need for your attitude.
 

Saleen201

Founding Member
Jan 26, 2002
1,271
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0
Doha, Qatar
Oct 17, 2004
#12
  • Oct 17, 2004
  • #12
What he is saying, is that all the air entering the engine must go though the MAF. The MAF tells the computer how much air is going into the engine, and therefore, can determine how much fuel to add. Yes you will have a less restrictive exhaust allowing air to flow easier, meaning the more air can enter/exit the car. The computer will also compinsate for this (because, remember, all air going into the engine goes though the MAF) by adding more fuel.... keeping your air/fuel mixture the same.

If you dont have cats, it shouldnt have an effect on your air/fuel mixture, just emissions. LTs will effect it because it puts the O2 sensors further away from the exhaust ports, allowing the air to cool causing a slight missreading. or so i have heard, i hope somebody else can clarify this.
 

GT2000JAY

Founding Member
Oct 22, 2002
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Northwest
Oct 17, 2004
#13
  • Oct 17, 2004
  • #13
Saleen201 said:
What he is saying, is that all the air entering the engine must go though the MAF. The MAF tells the computer how much air is going into the engine, and therefore, can determine how much fuel to add. Yes you will have a less restrictive exhaust allowing air to flow easier, meaning the more air can enter/exit the car. The computer will also compinsate for this (because, remember, all air going into the engine goes though the MAF) by adding more fuel.... keeping your air/fuel mixture the same.

If you dont have cats, it shouldnt have an effect on your air/fuel mixture, just emissions. LTs will effect it because it puts the O2 sensors further away from the exhaust ports, allowing the air to cool causing a slight missreading. or so i have heard, i hope somebody else can clarify this.
Click to expand...

I don't believe your a/f readings will change that much as a result of moving the O2's. Otherwise widebands that use a sniffer in the tailpipes would be completely ineffective (with a catted midpipe they will read off - usually lean). However, moving the O2's further down stream will change the delay between the O2 sending it's reading to the PCM and the computer making small adjustments to the mix - this delay can be corrected/adjusted with a tune.

Regardless of what changes you make between the MAF and O2 sensors, as long as you're MAF xfer function is correct, your O2's are functioning properly, you don't have any vacuum leaks (unmetered air), or exhaust leaks (especially before the O2's) your car will run as it's tuned. A/F will be close to 14.64:1 at idle/part throttle (closed loop) and will be what is commanded at WOT (open loop). There is really no way around this.

Sorry for jumping in so late in the thread - just had a couple thoughts on the subject.

Jay
 

Red35th

Member
Apr 18, 2003
609
2
19
Houston, TX
Oct 18, 2004
#14
  • Oct 18, 2004
  • #14
JL, I agree with you in theory, but...

After plenum/TB combo my car leaned out a little. I don't know why. I fixed it using the maf curve, but it shouldn't have happened because the EEC should have corrected. I think the EEC is only adaptive to a point. I don't know why it happened, but it did.
 

Saleen201

Founding Member
Jan 26, 2002
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Doha, Qatar
Oct 18, 2004
#15
  • Oct 18, 2004
  • #15
GT2000JAY said:
I don't believe your a/f readings will change that much as a result of moving the O2's. Otherwise widebands that use a sniffer in the tailpipes would be completely ineffective (with a catted midpipe they will read off - usually lean).
Click to expand...

The back o2 sensors are only used to read the efficiency of the cats. If you dont have cats (and dont have MILs, it will trip your SES light. Your front 02 sensors read the rich/lean condition before the cats. If they read it before the cats... and the cats are removed, how does that effect the air/fuel condition?

However, moving the O2's further down stream will change the delay between the O2 sending it's reading to the PCM and the computer making small adjustments to the mix - this delay can be corrected/adjusted with a tune.
Click to expand...

Thats what i said... just in a different way

A/F will be close to 14.64:1 at idle/part throttle (closed loop) and will be what is commanded at WOT (open loop). There is really no way around this.
Click to expand...

Closed loop is when your car is still not at operating temperature, your computer keeps emissions functions cut off untill the car warms up. Open loop is after the car has reach operating temperature and emissions fuctions resume.

I didnt know closed loop was at idle and open loop was WOT I could be wrong.

-Mike
 

jstreet0204

Active Member
Jun 26, 2003
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36
Winston Salem, NC
Oct 18, 2004
#16
  • Oct 18, 2004
  • #16
Saleen201 said:
Closed loop is when your car is still not at operating temperature, your computer keeps emissions functions cut off untill the car warms up. Open loop is after the car has reach operating temperature and emissions fuctions resume.

I didnt know closed loop was at idle and open loop was WOT I could be wrong.

-Mike
Click to expand...
Closed loop is when the EEC depends on sensors to adjust timing fuel etc. Open loop depends on defined tables, and slightly on some adaptive variables defined during closed loop operation. Open loop occurs during warm up and WOT.
 

jstreet0204

Active Member
Jun 26, 2003
939
0
36
Winston Salem, NC
Oct 18, 2004
#17
  • Oct 18, 2004
  • #17
GT2000JAY said:
I don't believe your a/f readings will change that much as a result of moving the O2's. Otherwise widebands that use a sniffer in the tailpipes would be completely ineffective (with a catted midpipe they will read off - usually lean). However, moving the O2's further down stream will change the delay between the O2 sending it's reading to the PCM and the computer making small adjustments to the mix - this delay can be corrected/adjusted with a tune.
Click to expand...

This is true on self heated o2's like ours, but putting a wideband further down stream in the tailpipe does read slightly leaner. I can tell a slight difference with my PLX by putting it in the front bung and the back bung, (I don't have any cats) but there is a greater difference by putting it in the tailpipe. I beleive this has more to do with initial exposure the outside air though.
 
R

rpburnette

Member
May 22, 2003
152
0
16
Tampa, FL
Oct 18, 2004
#18
  • Oct 18, 2004
  • #18
Lets assume that you measured the O2 content throughout the entire exhaust system at the same time. The O2 content will vary according to the location. The reason for this is oxidation of the unspent fuel will continue throughout the exhaust. However, this should not affect the ratio very much, but it will change the %O2, or a/f reading. The O2 reading using a/f meters such as LM-1 is not meant to be a reading for how much emissions are released into the atmosphere, if it were than it would only be taken at the end of the tailpipe, like they do for inspections. The O2 reading by a/f meters are for tuning, so if you keep the sample port at the same place than you can properly tune your vehicle. My car might give slightly different readings at the same location in the exhaust than someone elses. Don't start measuring at different places in your exhaust and re-tune your car b/c you think your a/f ratio has changed.

Point to this:

Keep your a/f reading port in the same location
Tune your car according to that reading



jstreet0204 said:
This is true on self heated o2's like ours, but putting a wideband further down stream in the tailpipe does read slightly leaner. I can tell a slight difference with my PLX by putting it in the front bung and the back bung, (I don't have any cats) but there is a greater difference by putting it in the tailpipe. I beleive this has more to do with initial exposure the outside air though.
Click to expand...
 
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