I've done 351 swaps at a shop I work at. Here's what you'll need:
A Trickflow 351 lower intake manifold. the 351 has a 9.5 deck and the 302 an 8.5 i think. The lower intake is much wider than the 302.
Second, you need a new distributor, a stock 351w dist with the TFI module on it.
Third, a new oil pan, the 351 is bigger.
fourth, you'll need to modify your 302 fuel rails. remove the stock rubber lines and get longer fuel line to clear the intake.
fifth, you will need to drill out the heads bolt holes to 1/2" like bock said.
Sixth, new headers. The MAC 1 3/4" long tube 351 swap headers are great. The reason your 302 headers won't fit is because with the added width and heigth of the 351, the 302 headers won't clear on the sides, near the frame. the MAC's go lower and the steering shaft goes through them on the drivers side.
On a side note, if your 351 isn't a roller block, just drill and tap the valley for the 302 spider, lifters. You can get a retrofit roller cam.