Preignition: Ignition before spark
Detonation: End gas 'detonation' after the spark
Preignition is typically caused by a heat source in the cylinder, like the ground strap on a plug with too high of a heat range. Detonation is caused when the flame front causes pressure/temperature in the unburned end-gasses to rise over the auto-ignition temperature of the fuel. Higher octane = higher auto-ignition temperature in a given fuel type. Hence, higher octane resists detonation, but this can also be accomplished by cooling the A/F mixture before the spark or by running a richer mixture that resists detonation through evaporative cooling, which ultimately keeps the end gas temps down below auto-ignition temp.
Preignition is deadly and instantaneous. The fuel typically burns completely as the piston is still rising to compress it. Detonation can be deadly, but mild detonation typically is not, at least initially. Detonation unchecked can lead to preignition as pieces of piston, plug, ring, head or other material is picked off and remains as a "hot spot" in the cylinder that potentially ignites the incoming mixture. Obviously, unless you are tuning on the ragged edge in an engine-masters shoot-out, you don't want detonation, either.
Answer to title question for a good condition stock engine, including timing as Mike stated, is no.