They didn't offer a 5spd still 87 in the F-series. They had two different transmission that will bolt up to a 300-6. One is a ZF and can be identified by the diamond shaped ribs in the in the case, no removable top cover and about 99% of them used and external clutch slave cylinder. The second type was the Mazda design. They have rectangular ribs on the case, removable top cover and internal clutch slave cylinder. The ZF style is the heavier duty of the two. I would not recommend putting the Mazda style trans behind a 300-6. Any of these from behind a 300-6, 302, or 351 will work. I don't think an old 203 or 205 will bolt to this tranny. They are also not going to be the same length so you will have to build drive lines and modify the crossmember. You will also have to convert to a hydraulic clutch system. Using the newer style 208 or 1356 transfercase that comes out from behind the 5spd will be your best bet.
The ZF 5spd's could be found in any of the f-series trucks from 87-96 in the F150's and broncos and 87-97 F250 and F350's.